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Age-dependent depression in circulating endothelial progenitor cells inpatients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting

Robert J. Scheubel, MD^*,*, Holger Zorn^*, Rolf-Edgar Silber, MD^*, Oliver Kuss, PhD, Henning Morawietz, PhD, Juergen Holtz, MD and Andreas Simm, PhD^*

^* Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
Institute of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Informatics, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
Institute of Pathophysiology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
Department of Vascular Endothelium and Microcirculation, University of Technology, Dresden, Germany

View larger version (34K): [in a new window]   Figure 1 Representative dot blot flow cytometric analysis of the mobilized endothelial progenitor cells/lymphocytes, quantifying the number of CD34+ and AC133+ cells in the older (>69 years) and younger patients (<62 years) preoperatively (c, d) and 6 h after surgery (e, f), together with isotype control of older (a) and younger patients (b). APC = allophycocyanin; FITC = fluorescein isothiocyanate.

View larger version (17K): [in a new window]   Figure 2 Age-dependent decrease of preoperative endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) values (a, b) and plasma vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) level (c) in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery. The Pearson correlation coefficient and p values of the corresponding significance test of the respective values are indicated.

View larger version (27K): [in a new window]   Figure 3 Mobilization of endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) and leukocytes by coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Reported significances (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001) were calculated by Bonferroni-adjusted pairwise comparisons with the preoperative level within a repeated measurement analysis of variance model for the respective parameter at five different time points. CPB = cardiopulmonary bypass.

View larger version (20K): [in a new window]   Figure 4 Induction of cytochemokines by coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Reported significances (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001) were calculated by Bonferroni-adjusted pairwise comparisons with the preoperative level within a repeated measurement analysis of variance model for the respective parameter at three different time points. IL = interleukin; PlGF = placental growth factor; VEGF = vascular endothelial growth factor.

View larger version (17K): [in a new window]   Figure 5 Age dependency of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs)/lymphocytes (a), EPCs/blood (b), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) (c) after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. The global age effects (EPCs/lymphocytes: p < 0.01; EPCs/blood: p < 0.01; VEGF: p < 0.05) between the two age groups <62 and >69 years were assessed within a repeated measures analysis of variance model also adjusting for time. Reported significances (*p < 0.05) for VEGF between the two age groups <62 and >69 years at the time points preoperatively and 6 h postoperatively were calculated by separate (for each time point) analysis of variance models. The three comparisons between the age groups at each time point were Bonferroni-adjusted. Circles = <62 years; squares = 62 to 69 years; triangles = >69 years.