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Heart rate variability and cardiac troponin I are incremental and independent predictors of one-year all-cause mortality after major noncardiac surgery in patients at risk of coronary artery disease

Miodrag Filipovic, MD^*,*, Raban Jeger, MD, Cecilia Probst, MD^*, Thierry Girard, MD^*, Matthias Pfisterer, MD, Lorenz Gürke, MD, Karl Skarvan, MD^* and Manfred D. Seeberger, MD^*

^* Department of Anesthesia, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Anesthesia Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Anesthesia Surgery, University of Basel/Kantonsspital, Basel, Switzerland

View larger version (26K): [in a new window]   Figure 1 Kaplan-Meier survival curves (considering death from all causes as end point) in patients with revised cardiac risk index IV or less (A), in patients with low-frequency power of heart rate variability (HRV)/high frequency power of HRV (LF/HF ratio) before induction of anesthesia lower or higher than 2 (B), and in patients with or without elevation of cardiac troponin I on postoperative day 1 or 2 (C). (D) shows Kaplan-Meier survival curves of patients having none or only one of these three risk indicators or of patients having two or all three of them. HF = high frequency power; LF = low frequency power.