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Streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemia exacerbates left ventricular remodeling and failure after experimental myocardial infarction

^* Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan

View larger version (22K): [in a new window]   Figure 1 Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Percentages of surviving diabetes mellitus (DM)+myocardial infarction (MI) (n = 28) and MI (n = 28) mice were plotted. Overall survival was significantly lower in DM+MI compared with MI mice. *p < 0.01 compared with the MI group.

View larger version (62K): [in a new window]   Figure 2 M-mode echocardiograms obtained from a control (A), diabetes mellitus (DM) (B), myocardial infarction (MI) (C), and DM+MI mouse (D) two weeks after surgery. EDD = end-diastolic diameter (arrows). ECG = electrocardiogram.

View larger version (62K): [in a new window]   Figure 3 (A) Representative light microscopic photomicrographs of Masson’s trichrome-stained myocardial sections obtained from control (a), diabetes mellitus (DM) (b), myocardial infarction (MI) (c), and DM+MI (d) mice. Scale bar represents 10 µm. (B) Summarized data for myocyte cross-sectional area from control (n = 8), DM (n = 8), MI (n = 9), and DM+MI (n = 8) mice. (C) Representative light microscopic photomicrographs of sirius red-stained myocardial sections obtained from MI (a) and DM+MI (b) mice. Scale bar represents 10 µm. (D) Summarized data for collagen volume fraction from control (n = 6), DM (n = 6), MI (n = 6), and DM+MI (n = 6) mice. Values are means ± SEM. **p < 0.01 compared with the control value; p < 0.01 compared with the corresponding MI value.

View larger version (72K): [in a new window]   Figure 4 This deoxyribonucleic acid ladder indicative of apoptosis was detectable in the genomic deoxyribonucleic acid from the left ventricle. Apoptosis was further increased in the non-infarcted left ventricle of diabetes mellitus (DM)+myocardial infarction (MI) compared with MI mice. Amplification of the engrailed-2 (En-2) gene was performed as an internal control. bp = base pair; M = marker.

View larger version (23K): [in a new window]   Figure 5 Densitometric analysis of transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 gene expression in control (n = 8), diabetes mellitus (DM) (n = 9), myocardial infarction (MI) (n = 8), and DM+MI (n = 9) mice. Data were normalized by GAPDH concurrently run on the same gel and expressed as the ratio to control values. Values are means ± SEM. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 compared with the control value; p < 0.01 compared with the corresponding MI value.