Phasic coronary blood flow velocity pattern and flow reserve in the atrium: regulation of left atrial myocardial perfusion
Emmanuel I. Skalidis, MD*,
George E. Kochiadakis, MD*,
Nikolaos E. Igoumenidis, MD*,
Konstantinos E. Vardakis, MD* and
Panos E. Vardas, MD, PhD, FESC, FACC*,*
* Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Heraklion, Crete, Greece
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Figure 1 Left atrial circumflex branch in the right anterior oblique view, with the Doppler wire in position (arrows).
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Figure 2 Mean values with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of time-averaged peak coronary flow velocity (APV) at baseline (A) and at maximal hyperemia (B) from the left atrial circumflex branch (LACB) and left circumflex coronary artery (LCx) at rest heart rate and at 100 and 120 bpm.
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Figure 3 Mean values with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of coronary flow reserve (CFR) in the left atrial circumflex branch (LACB) and left circumflex coronary artery (LCx) at rest heart rate and at 100 and 120 bpm.
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Figure 4 The left atrial circumflex branch (LACB) and left circumflex coronary artery (LCx) baseline coronary flow velocity recordings at rest heart rate and at 100 and 120 bpm.
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Figure 5 The left atrial circumflex branch (LACB) and left circumflex (LCx) maximal hyperemia coronary flow velocity recordings at rest heart rate and at 100 and 120 bpm.
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Figure 6 The left atrial circumflex branch (LACB) baseline coronary flow velocity and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (mean 5 mm Hg) recordings at rest heart rate.
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