Echocardiographic characteristics of professional football players
William B. Abernethy, III, MD*,
Joseph K. Choo, MD* and
Adolph M. Hutter, Jr, MD*,*
* Cardiac Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Figure 1 Distribution plot of left ventricular diastolic diameter. Six percent of the players had a left ventricular internal diameter (LVID) at end-diastole >6.0 cm. There was a correlation between LVID and body weight (p = 0.01) as well as body surface area (p = 0.01).
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Figure 2 Maximal wall thickness. The mean value was 11.2 mm (± 0.2 mm). Six percent of players had a wall thickness >14 mm.
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Figure 3 Maximal wall thickness related to player weight. There was a correlation between wall thickness and body weight (p = 0.01) as well as body surface area (p = 0.01).
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Figure 4 Distribution of left ventricular mass. Three percent of players had a left ventricular mass >350 g.
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Figure 5 Resting ejection fraction. The mean resting ejection fraction was 58% (± 4.4%).
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