Myocardial laser revascularization for the treatment of end-stage coronary artery disease
Mehrdad Saririan, MD* and
Mark J. Eisenberg, MD, MPH, FACC ,*
* Division of Cardiology, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Divisions of Cardiology and Clinical Epidemiology, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada

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Figure 1 A comparison of transmyocardial revascularization, percutaneous myocardial revascularization, and direct myocardial revascularization. (Figure 1 is reproduced with permission of CardioGenesis Corporation, Foothill Ranch, California).
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Figure 2 Masson trichrome stain (4x, reduced 50%) of transmyocardial revascularization channel remnant demonstrating minimal scarring in surrounding area of myocardium, with numerous blood vessels within channel remnant and branching from channel. Scale, 6 cm = 1 mm (Figure 2 is reprinted from reference 51 and with the permission of Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins, Inc.).
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Figure 3 A high-powered magnification (10x, reduced 50%) of hematoxylin and eosin stain demonstrating neoblood vessels containing red blood cells. Scale, 1.5 cm = 25 µm (Figure 3 is reprinted from reference 51 and with the permission of Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins, Inc.).
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Figure 4 Factor VIII antibody stain (10x, reduced 50%), demonstrating presence of endothelial-lined vessels adjacent to channel remnant. At this high-powered view, an endothelial-lined blood vessel adjacent to channel remnant is evident. Scale, 1.5 cm = 50 µm (Figure 4 is reprinted from reference 51 and with the permission of Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins, Inc.).
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