Effects of aging on cardiovascular responses to parasympathetic withdrawal
John R. Stratton, MD, FACC*,*,
Wayne C. Levy, MD, FACC*,
James H. Caldwell, MD*,
Arnold Jacobson, MD, PhD ,
Janet May, MS*,
Dale Matsuoka, CNMT and
Ken Madden, MD*
* Division of Cardiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
Division of Nuclear Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
 VA Puget Sound Healthcare System and the University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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Figure 1 Heart rate (A) and cardiac index (B) (± SEM) in the young (Y) and older (O) groups at rest and following atropine (p < 0.0001 for old vs. young x atropine dose).
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Figure 2 The decline in end-diastolic volume index following atropine at similar heart rates (94 ± 2 old vs. 96 ± 2 young, p = ns) and diastolic filling periods (340 ± 13 ms old vs. 349 ± 15 ms young, p = ns) was nearly fivefold greater in the old than in the young (–11.6 ± 1.6 ml/m2 old vs. –2.4 ± 1.6 ml/m2 young, p = 0.04).
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Figure 3 Change in peak early diastolic filling in ml/s/m2 (A) and in end-diastolic volume (EDV)/s (B) in young males (YM) and older males (OM) and young females (YF) and older females (OF) (both p < 0.01 for young vs. old x dose and p < 0.02 for male vs. female x dose).
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