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J Am Coll Cardiol, 2003; 41:1886-1898, doi:10.1016/S0735-1097(03)00360-7
© 2003 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation
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Task force #3—what is the spectrum of current and emerging techniques for the noninvasive measurement of atherosclerosis?

Rita F. Redberg, MD, MSc, FACC, Co-Chair, Robert A. Vogel, MD, FACC, Co-Chair, Michael H. Criqui, MD, MPH, David M. Herrington, MD, FACC, Joao A. C. Lima, MD, FACC and Mary J. Roman, MD, FACC



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  		Figure 1 An example of an ultrasound image from the distal common carotid artery with quantification of intima-media thickness. CIMT = carotid intima-media thickness.

 


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  		Figure 2 Approximate age and gender values for common carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) representing the approximate 75th percentile value (4,12). Note that intima-media thickness increases with advancing age, and that the intima-media thickness of men is generally greater than that seen in women.

 


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  		Figure 3 An example of an abnormal EBCT scan taken from a 59-year-old man. The coronary calcium score was 1,101, greater than the 90th percentile value for age and gender. Arrow indicates calcified atherosclerosis in the proximal left coronary artery.

 


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  		Figure 4 All-cause survival in 4,474 men and 3,219 women with greater than one cardiac risk factor by EBT coronary calcium measurements: Results from a stratified Cox proportional hazards survival model (Model c2= 204, p < 0.0001).

 


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  		Figure 5 Transesophageal CMR images from two poststroke patients with increased LDL-cholesterol showing (A) homogeneous (from a 56-year-old African American hypertensive woman) and (B) heterogeneous (from a 72-year-old Caucasian man) CMR signal from thickened aortic walls. The scales are different (in actuality, the aortae have similar diameters), but the nonuniformity of wall thickness and heterogeneous signal, suggesting lipid infiltration from the patient portrayed in B, is clearly seen. In addition, these studies revealed the pitfalls of transesophageal echocardiography to assess aortic atherosclerosis caused by its near-field limitations in imaging the anterior aspect of the aortic wall.

 




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Copyright © 2003 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation.