Evaluation of the extent and duration of the "ABPM effect" in hypertensive patients
Ramón C. Hermida, PhD*,*,
Carlos Calvo, MD, PhD ,
Diana E. Ayala, MD, PhD*,
José R. Fernández, PhD*,
Luis M. Ruilope, MD, PhD and
José E. López, MD
* Bioengineering & Chronobiology Laboratories, University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
Hypertension and Vascular Risk Unit, Hospital Clínico Universitario and Medical School, University of Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
Hypertension Unit, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
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Figure 1 Differences in the circadian pattern of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, and activity between the first and the second day of a 48-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) in untreated patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension measured for the first time. Each graph shows the hourly means and standard errors of data collected during the first (continuous line) and second (dashed line) day of monitoring. The nonsinusoidal-shaped curve represented for each day corresponds to the best-fitted waveform model determined by population-multiple-component analysis (with corresponding characteristics given in the table below each graph). The arrows descending from the upper horizontal axis point to the circadian orthophase (rhythm’s crest time) for each day of monitoring.
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Figure 2 Differences in the circadian pattern of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, and activity between the first and the second day of a 48-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) in treated patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension measured for the first time. Each graph shows the hourly means and standard errors of data collected during the first (continuous line) and second (dashed line) day of monitoring. The nonsinusoidal-shaped curve represented for each day corresponds to the best-fitted waveform model determined by population-multiple-component analysis (with corresponding characteristics given in the table below each graph). The arrows descending from the upper horizontal axis point to the circadian orthophase (rhythm’s crest time) for each day of monitoring.
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Figure 3 Lack of differences in the circadian pattern of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, and activity between the first and the second day of a 48-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) in patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension measured for the second or successive times. Each graph shows the hourly means and standard errors of data collected during the first (continuous line) and second (dashed line) session of monitoring, determined three months apart. The nonsinusoidal-shaped curve represented for each session corresponds to the best-fitted waveform model determined by population-multiple-component analysis (with corresponding characteristics given in the table below each graph). The arrows descending from the upper horizontal axis point to the circadian orthophase (rhythm’s crest time) for each session of monitoring.
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