Task Force #1—magnitude of the prevention problem: opportunities and challenges
Emelia J. Benjamin, MD, ScM, FACC, Co-Chair,
Sidney C. Smith, Jr, MD, FACC, Co-Chair,
Richard S. Cooper, MD, FACC,
Martha N. Hill, RN, PhD, FAAN and
Russell V. Luepker, MD, MS, FACC
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Figure 1 CHD mortality trends by race and gender, U.S. 1979–1998. CHD = ICD-9 410–914, 429.2. Data source: CDC Wonder.
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Figure 2 Risk factors. LVH = left ventricular hypertrophy; MI = myocardial infarction; PVD = peripheral vascular disease.
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Figure 3 Cardiovascular disease prevention opportunities. ACE-I = angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor; ASA = aspirin.
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Figure 4 Practice guidelines—barriers to adherence. Modified with permission from Cabana MD, et al. Why don’t physicians follow clinical practice guidelines? A framework for improvement. JAMA 1999;282:1458–65.
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Figure 5 CVD prevention–conceptual framework. CVD = cardiovascular disease. Modified with permission from Green LW, et al. Health promotion planning: an educational and environmental approach. 2nd ed. Mountain View, CA: Mayfield Publishing Company, 1991:150.
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