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Postprandial endothelial activation in healthy subjects and in type 2 diabetic patients: Role of fat and carbohydrate meals

Francesco Nappo, MD^*, Katherine Esposito, MD, Michele Cioffi, MD, Giovanni Giugliano^*, Anna Maria Molinari, MD, Giuseppe Paolisso, MD^*, Raffaele Marfella, MD^* and Dario Giugliano, MD^*,*

^* Department of Geriatrics and Metabolic Diseases, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
Cardiovascular Research Center, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
Department of General Pathology, Chair of Clinical Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy

View larger version (24K): [in a new window]   Figure 1 Changes in circulating glucose and triglyceride levels following high-fat and high-carbohydrate (pizza) meals in normal subjects and in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

View larger version (11K): [in a new window]   Figure 2 Effects of a high-fat meal on plasma concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-, IL-6) and adhesion molecules (ICAM-1, VCAM-1) in healthy subjects (open circles) and diabetic patients (filled circles). ICAM-1 = intercellular adhesion molecule-1; IL-6 = interleukin-6; TNF- = tumor necrosis factor-; VCAM-1 = vascular cell adhesion molecule-1.

View larger version (12K): [in a new window]   Figure 3 Effects of a high-carbohydrate meal (non-cheese pizza) on plasma concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-, IL-6) and adhesion molecules (ICAM-1, VCAM-1) in healthy subjects (open circles) and diabetic patients (filled circles). ICAM-1 = intercellular adhesion molecule-1; IL-6 = interleukin-6; TNF- = tumor necrosis factor-; VCAM-1 = vascular cell adhesion molecule-1.