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Long-term outcome of patients with ventricular septal defect considered not to require surgical closure during childhood

Harald M. Gabriel, MD^*, Maria Heger, MD^*, Petra Innerhofer, MD^*, Manfred Zehetgruber, MD^*, Gerald Mundigler, MD^*, Maria Wimmer, MD, Gerald Maurer, MD, FACC^* and Helmut Baumgartner, MD, FACC^*,*

^* Department of Cardiology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria

View larger version (11K): [in a new window]   Figure 1 Age distribution of patients at their last visit.

View larger version (13K): [in a new window]   Figure 2 Kaplan-Meier event-free survival of 118 prospectively followed patients with study entry between 1993 and 1996. Events were defined as death, endocarditis or surgery.

View larger version (10K): [in a new window]   Figure 3 Exercise capacity (% of expected) in 140 patients who underwent bicycle exercise testing.