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Gradual reactivation over time of vascular tissue angiotensin I to angiotensin II conversion during chronic lisinopril therapy in chronic heart failure

^a University Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, United Kingdom

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Figure 1 Forearm blood flow (FBF) responses to angiotensin I and II with regard to New York Heart Association class: I (triangle), II (square) and III (circle). *p < 0.05.

View larger version (17K): [in a new window]   Figure 2 Forearm blood flow (FBF) responses to angiotensin I and angiotensin II at baseline (square), after nine months (triangle) and after 18 months (circle). **p < 0.001.

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Figure 3 Forearm blood flow (FBF) responses to angiotensin I and angiotensin II with differing dosages of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors: lisinopril 10 mg/day (square), lisinopril 5 mg/day (triangle) and lisinopril 20 mg/day (circle). **p < 0.001.

View larger version (11K): [in a new window]   Figure 4 Differences in plasma angiotensin II, angiotensin II/I ratios, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and aldosterone levels according to New York Heart Association class. *p < 0.05.

View larger version (10K): [in a new window]   Figure 5 Changes in plasma levels of angiotensins, aldosterone and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) levels longitudinally with time.

View larger version (10K): [in a new window]   Figure 6 Plasma angiotensins, aldosterone and angiotensin-converting enzyme with changing doses of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor.

View larger version (15K): [in a new window]   Figure 7 Comparison of angiotensin I-FBF30% (forearm blood flow) in each subgroup defined in the three studies in patients with chronic heart failure.