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Physical training modulates proinflammatory cytokines and the soluble Fas/soluble Fasligand system in patients with chronic heart failure

Stamatis Adamopoulos, MD^*,*, John Parissis, MD^*, Dimitrios Karatzas, MD^*, Christos Kroupis, MS^*, Michael Georgiadis, MD^*, George Karavolias, MD^*, John Paraskevaidis, MD^*, Katerina Koniavitou, MD^*, Andrew J. S. Coats, MD and Dimitrios Th Kremastinos, MD^*

^* Second Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, Athens, Greece
Royal Brompton National Heart and Lung Institute, London, United Kingdom

View larger version (17K): [in a new window]   Figure 1 Effects of physical training on proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha. Note the reduction in TNF-alpha levels with training in patients with chronic heart failure.

View larger version (15K): [in a new window]   Figure 2 Effects of physical training on soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor type I (sTNF-RI) (top) and soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor type II (sTNF-RII) (bottom). Note the reduction in sTNF-RI and sTNF-RII levels with training in patients with chronic heart failure.

View larger version (14K): [in a new window]   Figure 3 Effects of physical training on interleukin-6 (IL-6) (top) and soluble interleukin-6 receptor (sIL-6R) (bottom). Training produced a significant reduction in IL-6 and sIL-6R levels in patients with chronic heart failure.

View larger version (16K): [in a new window]   Figure 4 Effects of physical training on the soluble apoptosis mediators soluble Fas (sFas) (top) and sFas ligand (bottom). Note the decrease in both apoptotic variables with training in patients with chronic heart failure.

View larger version (12K): [in a new window]   Figure 5 Correlations between training-induced changes in peak oxygen consumption (VO2max) and reductions in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha (top) and soluble Fas (sFas) ligand (bottom) levels in patients with chronic heart failure.