The prevalence of treatable left ventricular systolic dysfunction in patients who present with noncardiac vascular episodes
A case-control study
Robert Kelly, MD, MRCPI*,
Anthony Staines, PhD, MRCPI||,
Ron MacWalter, FRCP ,
Peter Stonebridge, MCh, FRCS ,
Hugh Tunstall-Pedoe, MD, FRCP and
Allan D. Struthers, MD, FRCP*,*
* Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Dundee and Medical School, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, Scotland, United Kingdom
Department of Medicine, University of Dundee and Medical School, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, Scotland, United Kingdom
Department of Surgery, University of Dundee and Medical School, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, Scotland, United Kingdom
Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, University of Dundee and Medical School, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, Scotland, United Kingdom
|| Department of Public Health Medicine, University College, Dublin, Ireland

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Figure 1 Number of men with left ventricular ejection fraction 40%. Solid bars = patients with stroke, transient ischemic attack or peripheral vascular disease; open bars = control subjects.
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Figure 2 Number of women with left ventricular ejection fraction 40%. Solid bars = patients with stroke, transient ischemic attack or peripheral vascular disease; open bars = control subjects.
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