Comparison between transcatheter and surgical closure of secundum atrial septal defect in children and adults
Results of a multicenter nonrandomized trial
Zhong-Dong Du, MD*,
Ziyad M. Hijazi, MD, MPHFACC*,*,
Charles S. Kleinman, MD, FACC
,
Norman H. Silverman, MD, FACC
,
Kinley Larntz, PhD¶ Amplatzer Investigators
* Section of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago Childrens Hospital and Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Nemours Cardiac Center, Orlando, Florida, USA
Pediatric Cardiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
¶ University of Minnesota, School of Medicine, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA

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Figure 1 Flow diagram of all patients enrolled in the study. *Intent to treat was defined as patients that were screened for participation in the clinical trial and signed the informed consent. However, there was no attempt to place a device at that procedure due to various reasons (too large atrial septal defect for the available device, insufficient rim, or did not meet inclusion criteria). IRB = Institutional Review Board.
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Figure 2 Comparison of curves of freedom from complication probability between device group and surgical group. Lighter lines beside each curve are the 95% confidence interval levels.
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Copyright © 2002 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation.