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Frequency distribution of collateral flow and factors influencing collateral channel development

Functional collateral channel measurement in 450 patients with coronary artery disease

^a Division of Cardiology, Swiss Cardiovascular Center of Bern, University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland

View larger version (25K): [in a new window]   Figure 1 Collateral flow index (CFI; no unit) versus percent diameter narrowing of the stenosis to be dilated. The CFI is higher in patients with more severe coronary artery stenosis.

View larger version (24K): [in a new window]   Figure 2 Collateral flow index (CFI; no unit) versus area at risk of myocardial infarction. The CFI is higher in patients with a larger area at risk of myocardial infarction distal to the stenosis to be dilated.

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Figure 3 Frequency distribution (expressed as percentage of entire population) of pressure- and Doppler flow velocity-derived collateral flow index (CFI) (no unit) in 450 patients with coronary artery disease. Sixty-eight percent of the patients had a CFI <0.25 (white-spotted columns), indicating collateral flow insufficient to protect the myocardium from ischemia during coronary occlusion. Patients with a CFI 0.25 are indicated by the solid black columns.