This Article Abstract Full Text Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Chandrasekar, B. Articles by Tanguay, J.-F. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Chandrasekar, B. Articles by Tanguay, J.-F.

Coronary artery endothelial protection after local delivery of 17ß-estradiol during balloon angioplasty in a porcine model: a potential new pharmacologic approach to improve endothelial function

Baskaran Chandrasekar, MD^*, Stanley Nattel, MD, FACC^* and Jean-François Tanguay, MD, FACC^*,*

^* Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute and University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada

View larger version (101K): [in a new window]   Figure 1 Representative coronary angiograms demonstrating the vasoconstrictive response to intracoronary infusion of acetylcholine (Ach) 10–4 mol/l obtained from the same animal. Column A = basal, column B = post-Ach, column C = after nitroglycerin. Top = percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) plus vehicle, Middle = PTCA alone, Lower = PTCA plus 17ß-estradiol groups, respectively. Arrows = PTCA sites.

View larger version (14K): [in a new window]   Figure 2 Graph showing the response of the three treatment groups to acetylcholine (Ach). Comparison for each treatment group is made between the basal coronary-artery diameter and diameter at the end of 10–7 mol/l, 10–6 mol/l, 10–5 mol/l and 10–4 mol/l Ach, respectively. Nitro = nitroglycerin; PTCA = percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. *p = 0.01; **p < 0.0001; ***p = 0.02; ****p = 0.001.

View larger version (56K): [in a new window]   Figure 3 Immunohistochemistry for re-endothelialization (A) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression (B) from a representative animal. Top (x40): (a) percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) plus 17ß-estradiol, (b) PTCA alone and (c) PTCA plus vehicle. Lower: portions of the cross sections are shown under high-power (x1,000, d to f, respectively) to highlight positive-staining luminal border. The length of positive staining in the high-power image is indicated by "RE" and "EN" immediately above each image, with the total luminal length in the image (T) shown above. This analysis was applied to the entire luminal surface, with percentage of re-endothelialization (RE) calculated as RE/T, where RE and T are the sums of re-endothelialized segment and total luminal lengths in each image. The extent of re-endothelialization for the cross section is greater in (a) (90%) than it is in (b) (65.8%) and (c) (66.1). Similar analysis was performed for percentage of eNOS expression (EN).