Noninvasive detection of total occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery with transthoracic Doppler echocardiography
Nozomi Watanabe, MD*,a,
Takashi Akasaka, MDa,
Yasuko Yamaura, MDa,
Maki Akiyama, MDa,
Yuji Koyama, MDa,
Norio Kamiyama, MDa,
Yoji Neishi, MDa,
Shuichiro Kaji, MDa,
Yasuhiro Saito, MDa and
Kiyoshi Yoshida, MD, FACCa
a Department of Cardiology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan
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Figure 1 The left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) flow signal by transthoracic Doppler echocardiography (TTDE). Schematic representation (left) and TTDE image (right) showing normal antegrade LAD flow signal toward the apex (A) and retrograde LAD flow signal toward the base of the heart (B). LV = left ventricle.
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Figure 2 Retrograde left anterior descending coronary artery flow velocity by pulsed Doppler echocardiography.
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Figure 3 Normal antegrade left anterior descending coronary artery flow velocity by pulsed Doppler echocardiography.
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