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Augmented oxidative stress of platelets in chronic smokers

Mechanisms of impaired platelet-derived nitric oxide bioactivity and augmented platelet aggregability

^a Department of Internal Medicine III and Cardiovascular Research Institute, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan

View larger version (35K): [in a new window]   Figure 1 Collagen-induced platelet-derived electrical currents (A) and intraplatelet cyclic guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cGMP) levels (B) before and after vitamin C administration in nonsmokers (n = 10) and smokers (n = 11). Collagen-induced platelet aggregation before (C) and after (D) vitamin C administration in nonsmokers (n = 10) and smokers (n = 11). Open bars = nonsmokers; solid bars = smokers; NS = nonsignificant.

View larger version (29K): [in a new window]   Figure 2 Time courses of plasma (A) and intraplatelet (B) levels of vitamin C in nonsmokers (n = 10; open circles) and smokers (n = 11; solid circles). *p < 0.05 indicates the difference between nonsmokers and smokers before vitamin C administration. (C) Intraplatelet reduced glutathione (GSH) levels before and after vitamin C administration in nonsmokers (n = 10) and smokers (n = 11). NS = nonsignificant.

View larger version (35K): [in a new window]   Figure 3 Consumption of intraplatelet vitamin C (A) and reduced glutathione (GSH) (B) by platelet aggregation before and after vitamin C administration in nonsmokers (n = 10) and smokers (n = 11). Correlation between the collagen-induced platelet-derived electrical current and consumption of intraplatelet GSH by platelet aggregation before and after vitamin C administration in (C) nonsmokers (n = 10) and (D) smokers (n = 11). NS = nonsignificant.

View larger version (21K): [in a new window]   Figure 4 (A–C) Representative histograms of intraplatelet nitrotyrosine production in a nonsmoker and a smoker. In the smoker before vitamin C administration, the fluorescent peak of nitrotyrosine in platelets stimulated by collagen (3 µg/ml) (open area) shifted to the right from fluorescent peaks of unstimulated platelets (solid area). In the smoker after vitamin C administration, the histograms were identical to those of the nonsmoker. (D) Intraplatelet nitrotyrosine production by collagen-induced platelet aggregation in nonsmokers (n = 8) and in smokers (n = 8).