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Renal insufficiency and cardiovascular events in postmenopausal women with coronary heart disease

Michael G. Shlipak, MD, MPH^* , Joel A. Simon, MD, MPH^* , Deborah Grady, MD, MPH^* , Feng Lin, MS, Nanette K. Wenger, MD, FACC, Curt D. Furberg, MD, PhD^|| for the Heart and Estrogen/progestin Replacement Study (HERS) Investigators

^* General Internal Medicine Section, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA
Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
^|| Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA

View larger version (13K): [in a new window]   Figure 1 Distribution of serum creatinine levels (mg/dl) among 2,761 Heart and Estrogen/progestin Replacement study participants.

View larger version (14K): [in a new window]   Figure 2 Cardiovascular event rates by serum creatinine level at entry into the Heart and Estrogen/progestin Replacement study. The percentage of women experiencing an event is displayed with 95% confidence intervals. Cardiovascular events include coronary heart disease death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, hospitalization for unstable angina, stroke and transient ischemic attacks.

View larger version (24K): [in a new window]   Figure 3 Kaplan-Meier curve demonstrating cardiovascular event-free survival among women in the Heart and Estrogen/progestin Replacement study based on the presence of renal insufficiency. Increasing levels of renal insufficiency were associated with greater cardiovascular event rates.