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Circadian variation in the effects of aldosterone blockade on heart rate variability and QT dispersion in congestive heart failure

Kok-Meng Yee, MRCP^*, Stuart D. Pringle, MD, FRCP and Allan D. Struthers, MD, FRCP, FESC^*

^* University Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, United Kingdom
Department of Cardiology, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, United Kingdom

View larger version (23K): [in a new window]   Figure 1 Diurnal variation of RR intervals (RR Int) (top) and ratio of low-frequency to high-frequency component (LF/HF) of heart rate variability (bottom). Data expressed as mean ± SEM. Open circles = placebo; solid triangles = spiro.

View larger version (21K): [in a new window]   Figure 2 Diurnal variation of normalized high-frequency component (HF) (top) and normalized low-frequency component (LF) (bottom) of heart rate variability. Data expressed as mean ± SEM. Open circles = placebo; solid triangles = spiro.

View larger version (13K): [in a new window]   Figure 3 Diurnal variation of QT dispersion (QTd). Data expressed as mean ± SEM. Solid triangles = spiro; solid circles = placebo.

View larger version (23K): [in a new window]   Figure 4 Individual mean 24-h QTc dispersion (QTc Disp) data: the effects of spironolactone (Spiro) and placebo on QTc Disp.