Long-term follow-up of atrial contraction after the maze procedure in patients with mitral valve disease
Satoshi Yuda, MD*,
Satoshi Nakatani, MD, FACC*,
Yoshio Kosakai, MD ,
Masakazu Yamagishi, MD, FACC* and
Kunio Miyatake, MD, FACC*
* Cardiology, National Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan
Cardiovascular Surgery, National Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan. Dr. Yuda currently works at the Department of Medicine, Princess Alexandra Hospital, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia

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Figure 1 Incidences of P waves (left) and A waves (right) in the early (open bars) and late (solid bars) stages.
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Figure 2 Temporal changes in left atrial diameter (LAD), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVDd) and fractional shortening (%FS) before and after the maze procedure. *p < 0.01 versus before the operation. The normal ranges of each variable (mean ± SD) are shown by the hatched area, with a horizontal line indicating the mean value.
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Figure 3 Comparisons of peak A wave velocity (Av), time-velocity integral of the A wave (Ai) and atrial filling fraction (AFF) between the early (open circles) and late (solid circles) stages. The normal ranges of each variable (mean ± SD) are shown by the hatched area, with a horizontal line indicating the mean value.
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