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Improved endothelial function with metformin in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Kieren J. Mather, MD^*, Subodh Verma, MD, PhD and Todd J. Anderson, MD

^* Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
Division of Cardiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada

View larger version (20K): [in a new window]   Figure 1 Endothelium-dependent blood flow responses before and after treatment with metformin. Doses are 3, 10 and 30 µg/min. *p = 0.0027 by two-way analysis of variance, comparing treatment effects in the two groups. ACh = acetylcholine; FBF = forearm blood flow.

View larger version (21K): [in a new window]   Figure 2 Endothelium-independent blood flow responses before and after treatment with metformin. Doses are 1, 3 and 10 µg/min. p = 0.27 by two-way analysis of variance, comparing treatment effects in the two groups. SNP = sodium nitroprusside; FBF = forearm blood flow.

View larger version (20K): [in a new window]   Figure 3 Nitrate-independent blood flow responses before and after treatment with metformin. Doses are 1, 10 and 100 µg/min. p = 0.40 by two-way analysis of variance, comparing treatment effects in the two groups. VER = verapamil; FBF = forearm blood flow.

View larger version (14K): [in a new window]   Figure 4 Regression analysis showing a dependence of endothelium-dependent flows on insulin resistance following treatment. ACh = acetylcholine; FBF = forearm blood flow; logHOMA-IR = logarithmic transformation of the homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance index.