Up-regulation of inositol 1,4,5 trisphosphate receptor expression in atrial tissue in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation
Jutaro Yamada, MD*,
Tomoko Ohkusa, MD, PhD*,
Tomoko Nao, MD*,
Takeshi Ueyama, MD, PhD*,
Masafumi Yano, MD, PhD*,
Shigeki Kobayashi, MD, PhD*,
Kimikazu Hamano, MD, PhD ,
Kensuke Esato, MD, PhD and
Masunori Matsuzaki, MD, PhD, FACC*
* Second Department of Internal Medicine, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
First Department of Surgery, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
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Figure 1 Expression level of inositol 1,4,5 trisphosphate receptor (IP3R) protein in the right atrial tissue of patients with either atrial fibrillation (AF) or normal sinus rhythm (NSR) and representative data showing the levels of the protein. In patients with mitral valvular disease (MVD) who have AF, the expression level was significantly higher than that found in patients with MVD who had NSR. In both groups of patients with MVD (who had AF or NSR), the expression level was also significantly greater than it was in the control group. Data are mean ± SD.
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Figure 2 Relation between the expression level of inositol 1,4,5 trisphosphate receptor (IP3R ) protein in the right atrium of all patients and the magnitude of left atrial dimension (LAD) (i), pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) (ii) and right atrial pressure (RAP) (iii). The expression level was significantly greater in those patients with a higher LAD, PCWP or RAP. Data are mean ± SD.
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Figure 3 Expression level of inositol 1,4,5 trisphosphate receptor (IP3R) messenger RNA (mRNA) in the right atrial tissue of patients with either atrial fibrillation (AF) or normal sinus rhythm (NSR) and representative data showing the levels of the mRNA. In patients with mitral valvular disease (MVD) who have AF, the expression level of the mRNA was significantly higher than it was in the control group. The expression level in patients with MVD who had AF tended to be higher, though not significantly, than it was in patients with MVD who have NSR. Data are mean ± SD. GAPDH = glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase.
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Figure 4 The relation between the expression levels of inositol 1,4,5 trisphosphate receptor (IP3 receptor) protein and messenger RNA (mRNA). There was a positive correlation between the expression levels of protein and mRNA. Data are included for all 26 patients studied.
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Figure 5 Relation between the expression level of inositol 1,4,5 trisphosphate receptor (IP3 receptor) messenger RNA (mRNA) in the right atrium of all patients and the magnitude of left atrial dimension (LAD) (i), pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) (ii) and right atrial pressure (RAP) (iii). The expression level was significantly greater in those patients with a higher LAD or PCWP. The expression level tended to be greater, though not significantly, in patients with a higher RAP. Data are mean ± SD. Compare these results with those for IP3 receptor protein in Figure 2.
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Figure 6 Immunostaining for inositol 1,4,5 trisphosphate receptor (IP3 receptor) protein in the atrial myocardium. In a control patient (A), immunoreactivity for IP3R protein was found within the cytosol and at the nuclear envelope of myocytes. In patients with mitral valvular disease with either normal sinus rhythm (B) or atrial fibrillation (C), the expression was increased both in the cytosol and at the nuclear envelope.
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