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Prognostic value of Doppler echocardiographic mitral inflow patterns: implications for risk stratification in patients with chronic congestive heart failure

Alexander Hansen, MD^*, Markus Haass, MD^*, Christian Zugck, MD^*, Carsten Krueger, MD^*, Kristina Unnebrink, PhD, Rainer Zimmermann, MD^*, Wolfgang Kuebler, MD, FACC^* and Helmut Kuecherer, MD^*

^* Department of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
Medical Biometry, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany

View larger version (14K): [in a new window]   Figure 1 Mitral inflow patterns provide prognostic information incremental to that of peak ;-4uO2. The outcome was significantly poorer in the presence of restrictive filling patterns than in their absence, both in patients with peak ;-4uO2 14 ml/min per kg (upper panel) and in patients with peak ;-4uO2 >14 ml/min per kg (lower panel).

View larger version (21K): [in a new window]   Figure 2 This risk model was based on noninvasive predictive factors. Low, medium and high risk groups were identified by the presence of 1, 2 or 3 risk factors (peak ;-4uO2 14 ml/min per kg, atrial fibrillation or restrictive mitral inflow pattern and LVEDD >65 mm), respectively.