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The warm-up effect protects against ischemic left ventricular dysfunction in patients with angina

^a Cardiology Department, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom

View larger version (15K): [in a new window]   Figure 1 Mean regional EF for (a) ischemic (n = 70) and (b) nonischemic (n = 116) LV sectors before, during and after two exercise tests 30 min apart. Closed circles = first exercise test; open circles = second exercise test; error bars = standard error of the mean. *p < 0.05 versus equivalent time point for first test using Wilcoxon signed rank test with Bonferroni correction. EF = ejection fraction.

View larger version (31K): [in a new window]   Figure 2 Scatter plots illustrating changes in LV indices as functions of the change during Exercise 1. (a) Change in regional EF between baseline and 15 min after Exercise 1. y-intercept –0.3 (–1.4 to 0.8); slope 0.4 (0.3 to 0.5); R = 0.50. (b) Change in regional EF between Exercise 1 and Exercise 2. Ischemic sectors (closed circles): y-intercept 1.1 (–2.0 to 4.1); slope –0.4 (–0.7 to –0.2); R = –0.42. Nonischemic sectors (open circles): y-intercept –1.1 (–3.2 to 1.1); slope 0.1 (–0.2 to 0.3); R = 0.01. (c) Change in global EF between baseline and 15 min after Exercise 1. y-intercept 0.5 (–0.9 to 2.0); slope 0.5 (0.2 to 0.7); R = 0.59. (d) Change in global EF between Exercise 1 and Exercise 2. y-intercept 0.7 (–0.6 to 2.0); slope –0.3 (–0.5 to –0.1); R = –0.54. EF = ejection fraction.