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Hypercholesterolemia impairs myocardial perfusion and permeability: role of oxidative stress and endogenous scavenging activity

Martin Rodriguez-Porcel, MD^*, Amir Lerman, MD^*, Patricia J. M. Best, MD^*, James D. Krier, MS, Claudio Napoli, MD, PhD and Lilach O. Lerman, MD, PhD

^* Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
Division of Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
Department of Medicine, University of Naples, Naples, Italy
Department of Medicine-0682, University of California, San Diego, California, USA

View larger version (50K): [in a new window]   Figure 1 (A) Tomographic cross-sectional image of the heart at the level of the mid-LV, showing a traced anterior wall region-of-interest, and contrast media in the LV cavity. (B) Time-density curves consequent to transit of contrast media through the anterior cardiac wall region of interest (closed circles), depicting the modeling of intra- and extra-vascular curves (triangle and square symbols, respectively). LV = left ventricle.

View larger version (13K): [in a new window]   Figure 2 Top panel: Relative change (percent compared with baseline) of anterior wall myocardial perfusion in response to IV adenosine in normal pigs (n = 8), hypercholesterolemic pigs (HC, n = 8), and HC pigs that received dietary antioxidant supplementation (HC + AO, n = 6). Bottom panel: Relative change (percent compared with baseline) of anterior wall microvascular permeability index in response to IV adenosine in normal, HC and HC + AO pigs. *p < 0.05 compared with normal and HC + AO pigs. HC = hypercholesterolemia; HC + AO = HC plus long-term vitamin supplementation.

View larger version (23K): [in a new window]   Figure 3 Top panel: Correlation between the change in myocardial perfusion in response to adenosine in hypercholesterolemic (HC) pigs and vitamin-treated HC pigs with tissue (right) and systemic (left)) levels of vitamins E (open circles) and C (closed circles). Bottom panel: Correlation between the change in microvascular permeability in response to adenosine in HC and vitamin-treated HC pigs with tissue (right) and systemic (left) levels of vitamins E and C.