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Should an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor be standard therapy for patients with atherosclerotic disease?

James H. O’Keefe, MD^*, Mark Wetzel, MD^*, Richard R. Moe, MD, PhD^*, Kathleen Brosnahan, PharmD^* and Carl J. Lavie, MD

^* Mid America Heart Institute, St. Luke’s Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
Ochsner Heart and Vascular Institute, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA

View larger version (14K): [in a new window]   Figure 1 The occurrence of myocardial infarction, stroke or cardiovascular death in the HOPE study (5). The ramipril group did substantially better than the placebo group (relative risk 0.78, 95% confidence interval 0.70 to 0.86).

View larger version (13K): [in a new window]   Figure 2 Survival curves from the APRES study. The ramipril group experienced significantly fewer adverse cardiovascular events during the follow-up period (11).