Gender differences in sensitivity to adrenergic agonists of forearm resistance vasculature
Barry J. Kneale, BA, MRCP*  ,
Philip J. Chowienczyk, BSc, FRCP*,
Sally E. Brett, BN*,
D. John Coltart, MD, FRCP, FACC and
James M. Ritter, D Phil, FRCP*
* Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Center for Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, King’s College, London, United Kingdom
Department of Cardiology, Center for Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, King’s College, London, United Kingdom
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Figure 1 Forearm blood flow responses to albuterol (± L-NMMA) in women and men. Bars indicate mean ± SEM increase in blood flow above the immediately preceding baseline. Open bars show responses to albuterol coinfused with saline; closed bars show responses to albuterol coinfused with L-NMMA (16 µmol/min). Responses to albuterol were greater in women than they were in men (n = 8 for each gender, p = 0.02). NG-monomethyl-L-arginine inhibited responses to albuterol (p < 0.003). Inhibition by L-NMMA was similar (p = 0.83) in women and men. L-NMMA = NG-monomethyl-L-arginine.
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Figure 2 Forearm blood flow responses to norepinephrine (±propranolol) in women and men. Bars indicate mean ± SEM percent change in blood flow ratio (infused/noninfused arm). Open bars show responses to norepinephrine coinfused with saline; closed bars show responses to norepinephrine coinfused with propranolol (190 nmol/min). Reduction in forearm blood flow during norepinephrine infusion was significantly greater in men than it was in women (n = 8 for each gender, p = 0.02). Propranolol coinfusion significantly increased the response to norepinephrine in women (p = 0.0004) but not in men (p = 0.58). During infusion of propranolol, responses to norepinephrine were similar (p = 0.34) in women and men.
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