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Effect of phenylephrine on focal atrial fibrillation originating in the pulmonary veins and superior vena cava

^a Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C

View larger version (46K): [in a new window]   Figure 1 Shown are electrocardiogram lead V1, the tracing of left superior pulmonary vein (LSPV), right superior pulmonary vein (RSPV) and blood pressure (BP). Note that frequent ectopic activity and bursts of atrial fibrillation originating in the LSPV disappear when BP is increased above control after administration of phenylephrine (PHE).

View larger version (44K): [in a new window]   Figure 2 (A) Before administration of phenylephrine, the minimal coupling interval of atrial fibrillation (AF) burst originating in the RSPV was 120 ms. (B) After administration of phenylephrine, the minimal coupling interval of AF burst was prolonged to 172 ms. CSD = distal coronary sinus; CSM = middle coronary sinus; CSO = ostial coronary sinus; HRA = high right atrium; RSPV = right superior pulmonary vein.