Local paclitaxel delivery for the prevention of restenosis: biological effects and efficacy in vivo
Christian Herdeg, MD*,
Martin Oberhoff, MD*,
Andreas Baumbach, MD*,
Andreas Blattner*,
Dorothea I. Axel, PhD*,
Stephen Schröder, MD*,
Helmut Heinle, PhD* and
Karl R. Karsch, MD, FACC*
* Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, and the Department of Physiology, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
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Figure 1 Extent of intimal proliferation and the total vessel area in the different groups. Checked bars represent the preinterventional control group, white bars stand for control animals that underwent BD only, hatched bars stand for sham animals that were treated with vehicle and black bars stand for paclitaxel-treated animals.
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Figure 2 Photomicrographs of cross sections showing the effect of local paclitaxel delivery on vessel shape eight weeks after intervention. A, Control animal after BD showing a characteristic eccentric plaque formation with marked intimal thickening and lumen reduction. B, Histological section 56 days after local paclitaxel delivery showing the effects of paclitaxel on proliferation and vessel enlargement. *Remains of the graphite-coated gold electrode that had been loosely attached to the adventitia during electrostimulation. Elastica van Gieson staining. Scale bars represent 300 µm.
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Figure 3 Immunofluorescence micrographs after staining with a monoclonal anti-tubulin antibody. A, Adventitia of a control animal seven days after angioplasty showing the specific staining of the cytoskeleton around the nucleus. B, Untreated control vessel after electrostimulation only. C, Control animal seven days after BD showing heterogeneous staining within the neointima. D, Histologic section seven days after local paclitaxel delivery showing an intensely stained "fluorescence band" at the luminal cell lining. Scale bars represent 50 µm.
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Figure 4 Transmission electron microscopy of an intimal SMC seven days after LDD showing a paclitaxel-induced microtubule bundle. Microtubule bundles were not found in control animals. Scale bar represents 0.2 µm.
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