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Coronary vascular responses to short-term cocaine administration in conscious baboons compared with dogs

Richard P. Shannon, MD, FACC^* , Michael A. Mathier, MD^* and You-Tang Shen, MD

^* Department of Medicine, Allegheny General Hospital and the Cardiovascular & Pulmonary Research Institute, MCP Hahnemann University School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
New England Regional Primate Research Center, Harvard Medical School, Southborough, Massachusetts, USA
Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, Pennsylvania, USA

View larger version (25K): [in a new window]   Figure 1 Time course of the left ventricular systolic (LVP), end-diastolic (LVEDP) pressure, heart rate and LV dP/dt responses in dogs and baboons. There were no differences in either the peak responses or the time course of the response to IV cocaine.

View larger version (29K): [in a new window]   Figure 2 The time course of the coronary flow (CBF), vasoconstrictor (CVR), myocardial oxygen consumption (MVO2) and myocardial oxygen delivery (O2 delivery) responses to IV cocaine in dogs and baboons. The CBF and the CVR responses over time were similar. While the MVO2 responses were comparable, the O2 delivery was significantly greater in dogs than baboons (p < 0.05).

View larger version (25K): [in a new window]   Figure 3 The time course of the arterial oxygen content and hemoglobin responses and the coronary sinus oxygen content, and the coronary sinus [H+] responses to IV cocaine in dogs and baboons. The arterial O2 content and hemoglobin concentrations increased significantly (p < 0.05) and remained elevated in dogs, but not in baboons. There was a significant (p < 0.05) fall in coronary sinus O2 content and a significant increase in [H+] in baboons, but not in dogs.

View larger version (25K): [in a new window]   Figure 4 The MVO2, O2 delivery, arterial oxygen content and hemoglobin responses to IV cocaine in conscious dogs before and after splenectomy. The O2 delivery response was attenuated and the arterial O2 content and hemoglobin responses were abolished (p < 0.05) after splenectomy.