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Angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist decreases plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-6 and soluble adhesion molecules in patients with chronic heart failure

^a First Department of Internal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Tsukinowa, Seta, Otsu, Japan

View larger version (21K): [in a new window]   Figure 1 Hemodynamic parameters and functional class before and after 14 weeks of treatment with candesartan cilexetil in 14 patients with mild to moderate congestive heart failure. HR = heart rate; LVEDV = left ventricular end-diastolic volume; LVEF = left ventricular ejection fraction; LVESV = left ventricular end-systolic volume; MBP = mean blood pressure; NYHA = New York Heart Association. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01 vs. before.

View larger version (23K): [in a new window]   Figure 2 Plasma levels of active renin concentration (PARC), angiotensin (Ang II), aldosterone (ALD) and norepinephrine (NE) before and after 14 weeks of treatment with candesartan cilexetil in 14 patients with mild to moderate congestive heart failure. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01 vs. before.

View larger version (23K): [in a new window]   Figure 3 Plasma levels of endothelin-1 (ET-1), atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) before and after 14 weeks of treatment with candesartan cilexetil in 14 patients with mild to moderate congestive heart failure. *p < 0.05 vs. before.

View larger version (24K): [in a new window]   Figure 4 Plasma levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF), soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) and soluble vascular adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) before and after 14 weeks of treatment with candesartan cilexetil in 14 patients with mild to moderate congestive heart failure. *p < 0.05 vs. before.

View larger version (17K): [in a new window]   Figure 5 The molar ratio of plasma cGMP (cyclic guanosine monophosphate) to cardiac natriuretic peptides before and after 14 weeks of treatment with candesartan cilexetil (closed columns) or placebo (open columns). ANOVA = analysis of variance; ANP = atrial natriuretic peptide; BNP = brain natriuretic peptide. *p < 0.05 vs. before with a two-way ANOVA by Scheffé F test.