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Large, sustained cardiac lipid peroxidation and reduced antioxidant capacity in the coronary circulation after brief episodes of myocardial ischemia

Antonino Buffon, MD^*, Stefano A. Santini, MD, Vito Ramazzotti, MD^*, Stefano Rigattieri, MD^*, Giovanna Liuzzo, MD^*, Luigi M. Biasucci, MD, FACC^*, Filippo Crea, MD, FACC^*, Bruno Giardina, PhD and Attilio Maseri, MD, FACC^*

^* Istituto di Cardiologia, Universita’ Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy
Istituto di Chimica Biologica, Universita’ Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy
Istituto di Chimica e Chimica Clinica, Universita’ Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy

View larger version (30K): [in a new window]   Figure 1 The graphs refer to the six Group 1 and six Group 2 patients in whom paired blood samples from great cardiac vein (GCV) and aorta were obtained throughout the study. Blood oxygen saturation (sO2) significantly increased in the GCV 1 min after balloon deflation (t1) compared with baseline (t0); no increase was observed in Group 2 patients. In Group 1 patients, differences between concentration of conjugated dienes (CD) in GCV and aorta (delta CD) consistently increased 1 (t1) and 5 min (t5) after balloon deflation and were still elevated at 15 min (t15) compared with t0; differences between concentration of hydroperoxides (ROOHs) in GCV and aorta (delta ROOHs) showed similar changes. In Group 2 patients, delta CD and delta ROOHs did not change throughout the study. Differences between plasma antioxidant capacity (TRAP) values in GCV and aorta (delta TRAP) did not change at t1, t5 and t15 in both groups. Thick lines represent mean values; dashed lines represent individual data. *p < 0.01 vs. baseline.

View larger version (40K): [in a new window]   Figure 2 Levels of cis-trans conjugated dienes (CD), trans-trans CD, hydroperoxides (ROOHs) and total antioxidant capacity (TRAP) in the six Group 1 patients in whom blood samples were obtained from GCV and aorta (A) and in the nine Group 1 patients sampled from GCV only but not from aorta (B). Venous levels of CD isomers and ROOHs markedly increased and TRAP values decreased 1 (t1) and 5 (t5) min after balloon deflation; levels of CD isomers and ROOHs were still elevated, whereas TRAP values returned to baseline levels 15 min after balloon deflation (t15). No changes of CD, ROOHs or TRAP levels were observed in aorta. Thick lines represent mean values; dashed lines represent individual data. *p < 0.01 vs. baseline. p < 0.05 vs. baseline.

View larger version (16K): [in a new window]   Figure 3 Simple linear regression analysis of the relationship between: (A) maximum increase of conjugated dienes (CD) and their baseline levels in the GCV (r = –0.83, p < 0.001); (B) maximum increase of hydroperoxides (ROOHs) and their baseline levels in the GCV (r = –0.92, p < 0.001).

View larger version (25K): [in a new window]   Figure 4 Levels of cis-trans conjugated dienes (CD), trans-trans CD, hydroperoxides (ROOHs) and total antioxidant capacity (TRAP) in the blood samples from aorta and great cardiac vein (GCV) of six Group 2 patients. Levels of CD isomers, ROOHs and TRAP did not change at 1 (t1), 5 (t5) nor 15 min (t15) after balloon deflation, both in aorta and GCV. Thick lines represent mean values; dashed lines represent individual data.