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The effects of moxonidine, a novel imidazoline, on plasma norepinephrine in patients with congestive heart failure

Karl Swedberg, MD, PhD, FACC^*, Claes-H.åkan Bergh, MD, PhD, Kenneth Dickstein, MD^c, John McNay, MD^{* c}, Mitchell Steinberg, MD, PhD Moxonidine Investigators

^* Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra, Göteborg, Sweden
Department of Cardiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Sahlgrenska, Göteborg, Sweden
^c the Department of Cardiology, Central Hospital in Rogaland, Stavanger, Norway
Lilly Research Laboratories, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA

View larger version (23K): [in a new window]   Figure 1 Standing systolic pressures (top) and heart rate (bottom) before and 2 h after moxonidine administration. All values are mean ± SE of 23 and 74 patients on Study Day 1 for placebo and 0.2 mg/day group, respectively. On the second study day, 21, 26, 27 and 19 patients were in the placebo, 0.2 mg, 0.4 mg and 0.6 mg groups, respectively. On the third study day, 19, 23, 28 and 19 patients were in the placebo, 0.2 mg, 0.4 mg and 0.6 mg group, respectively. Zero hours denote predose values on each study day. Study Day 1, p = 0.0046 vs. placebo. Study Day 2 and 3, difference at 2 hours vs. placebo, p = 0.005 and p = 0.0001, respectively.

View larger version (24K): [in a new window]   Figure 2 Plasma norepinephrine concentrations versus time as normalized to initial baseline for each patient (value/baseline). Baseline values (mean ± SE) for patients who continued within assigned group from baseline to Study Day 3 were: 485 pg/ml ± 54 (n = 18), 464 pg/ml ± 52 (n = 21), 441 pg/ml ± 31 (n = 27) and 387 pg/ml ± 39 (n = 19) for placebo, 0.2 mg, 0.4 mg and 0.6 mg groups, respectively. Zero hours denote predose values for each study day. Eight hour linearized dose-effect trend on Study Day 2 and 3, p = 0.03 and 0.0006, respectively.