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Bubble contrast echocardiography in detecting pulmonary arteriovenous shunting in children with univentricular heart after cavopulmonary anastomosis

Ruey-Kang R. Chang, MD, MPH^*, Juan C. Alejos, MD^*, David Atkinson, MD^*, Richard Jensen, MD^*, Stacey Drant, MD^*, Alvaro Galindo, MD^* and Hillel Laks, MD

^* Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA

View larger version (98K): [in a new window]   Figure 1 Apical view of transthoracic bubble contrast echocardiograms of a patient with bidirectional Glenn shunt and pulmonary stenosis. Preferential streaming of superior vena cava flow to the right pulmonary artery and main pulmonary artery flow to the left pulmonary artery was seen in angiograms. (A) Selective injection of bubble contrast to the left pulmonary artery showed no significant bubble contrast return to the left atrium. (B) Selective injection of bubble contrast to the right pulmonary artery showed bubble contrast opacifying the left atrium.