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Down-regulation of L-type calcium channel and sarcoplasmic reticular Ca²⁺-ATPase mRNA in human atrial fibrillation without significant change in the mRNA of ryanodine receptor, calsequestrin and phospholamban

An insight into the mechanism of atrial electrical remodeling

Ling-Ping Lai, MD^* , Ming-Jai Su, PhD^*, Jiunn-Lee Lin, MD, Fang-Yue Lin, MD, Chang-Her Tsai, MD, Yih-Sharng Chen, MD, Shoei K. Stephen Huang, MD, FACC, Yung-Zu Tseng, MD and Wen-Pin Lien, MD, FACC

^* Pharmacological Institute, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan

View larger version (100K): [in a new window]   Figure 1 Representative figures of the polymerase chain reaction products after agarose gel electrophoresis. Coamplification of each of the calcium-handling protein genes with glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) showed no interference between the primer pairs, and the two deoxyribonucleic acid bands could be well separated by gel electrophoresis (upper band for calcium-handling protein and lower band for GAPDH). The upper panel shows the polymerase chain reaction results from Patient No. 13 and the lower panel from Patient No. 21, and the samples for each calcium-handling gene were right atrial appendage, right atrial free wall, left atrial appendage and left atrial free wall from left to right. Despite a large variation of messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) levels of L-type calcium channel and calcium adenosine triphosphatase (Ca2+-ATPase) between patients, the mRNA levels of the genes among the four atrial sampling sites were not significantly different in the same patient. Lane specification: lanes 1 and 22 = molecular weight marker; lanes 2 to 5 = L-type calcium channel; lanes 6 to 9 = Ca2+-ATPase; lanes 10 to 13 = calsequestrin (CQ); lanes 14 to 17 = ryanodine receptor (RYR); lanes 18 to 21 = phospholamban (PLB).

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Figure 2 The messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) levels of L-type calcium channel and of calcium adenosine triphosphatase (Ca2+-ATPase) in patients with different atrial fibrillation (Af) scores. The mRNA levels of both genes were significantly decreased in patients with an atrial fibrillation score of 3. However, the mRNA levels were not significantly different among patients with atrial fibrillation scores of 0, 1 and 2. *p < 0.05 when compared with atrial fibrillation score 0, 1 and 2. Error bars represent standard deviations.