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Use of cardiopulmonary exercise testing with hemodynamic monitoring in the prognostic assessment of ambulatory patients with chronic heart failure

Marco Metra, MD^*, Pompilio Faggiano, MD, Antonio D’Aloia, MD^*, Savina Nodari, MD^*, Anna Gualeni, MD^*, Domenica Raccagni, MD^* and Livio Dei Cas, MD^*

^* Cattedra di Cardiologia, Universitá di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
Divisione di Cardiologia, Ospedale Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy

View larger version (28K): [in a new window]   Figure 1 Cumulative survival curves for the patients dichotomized on the basis of the median values of serum sodium (Na+) concentration, peak oxygen consumption (VO2), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), resting supine pulmonary wedge pressure (PWP) and peak exercise left ventricular stroke work index (SWI).

View larger version (31K): [in a new window]   Figure 2 Cumulative survival curves for patients dichotomized by median values of both peak exercise left ventricular stroke work index (ex SWI) and serum sodium (Na+) (top) and both peak exercise left ventricular stroke work index (ex SWI) and peak oxygen consumption (pVO2) (bottom).

View larger version (17K): [in a new window]   Figure 3 Cumulative survival curves for patients with a normal and reduced cardiac output response to exercise (ex).