A Ca channel blocker, benidipine, increases coronary blood flow and attenuates the severity of myocardial ischemia via NO-dependent mechanisms in dogs
Masafumi Kitakaze, MD, FACCa,
Koichi Node, MDa,
Tetsuo Minamino, MDa,
Hiroshi Asanuma, MDa,
Tsunehiko Kuzuya, MDa and
Masatsugu Hori, MD, FACCa
a The First Department of Medicine, Osaka University School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
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Figure 1 The changes in CBF during intracoronary administration of benidipine with and without L-NAME or 8-SPT. Statistical analysis was performed by ANOVA followed by Bonferoni’s test.
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Figure 2 Changes in NOx (nitrate + nitrite) levels in the coronary venous blood over the arterial blood during intracoronary administrations of benidipine in the ischemic myocardium (the CPP = constant model). Benidipine increased cardiac NO levels, which were blunted by L-NAME. Statistical analysis was performed by ANOVA followed by Bonferoni’s test.
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Figure 3 Changes in CPP (left panel) and CBF (right panel) during the infusion and withdrawal of benidipine during coronary hypoperfusion. Although the reduced CPP was maintained at a constant level, benidipine increased CBF, which was blunted by L-NAME. Statistical analysis was performed by ANOVA followed by Bonferoni’s test.
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Figure 4 Changes in fractional shortening (left panel) and lactate extraction ratio (right panel) during the infusion and withdrawal of benidipine during coronary hypoperfusion (CPP = constant at the low level). Statistical analysis was performed by ANOVA followed by Bonferoni’s test.
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Figure 5 Changes in NOx (nitrate + nitrite) levels in the coronary venous blood over the arterial blood during intracoronary administrations of benidipine in the ischemic myocardium (the CBF = constant model). Benidipine increased cardiac NO levels, which were blunted by L-NAME. Statistical analysis was performed by ANOVA followed by Bonferoni’s test.
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Figure 6 Changes in CBF (left panel) and CPP (right panel) during the infusion and withdrawal of benidipine during coronary hypoperfusion. Although the reduced CBF was maintained at a constant level, benidipine decreased CPP, which was blunted by L-NAME. Statistical analysis was performed by ANOVA followed by Bonferoni’s test.
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Figure 7 Changes in fractional shortening (left panel) and lactate extraction ratio (right panel) during the infusion and withdrawal of benidipine during coronary hypoperfusion (CBF = constant at the low level). Statistical analysis was performed by ANOVA followed by Bonferoni’s test.
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Figure 8 Cyclic GMP levels in the epicardial coronary artery in the nonischemic (control, LCX) and ischemic (LAD) areas with and without benidipine in the presence or absence of L-NAME. Statistical analysis was performed by ANOVA followed by Bonferoni’s test.
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