Spontaneous redistribution after reperfusion
A unique property of AIP 201, an ultrasound contrast agent
Andre Z. Linka, MDa,
Danny M. Skyba, PhDa,
Richard J. Price, PhD*,
Kevin Wei, MD, FACCa,
Thomas C. Skalak, PhD* and
Sanjiv Kaul, MD, FACCa
a Cardiovascular Division, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
* Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
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Figure 2 Short-axis views from a dog undergoing LAD occlusion (A) and reperfusion (B to D). Images in panels A to C are obtained after the first injection of AIP 201, and the image in panel D was obtained after the second injection of AIP 201. The perfusion defect in panel A is indicated by an arrow. Panels B and C were obtained 10 and 120 min after reperfusion and show a progressive increase in VI in the LAD bed. See text for details.
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Figure 3 Long-axis views from the same dog whose images are depicted in Figure 2. The timing of the images in panels A to D correspond to the timing of similar images in Figure 2.
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Figure 4 Changes in mean VI in the occluded and control beds in the seven dogs analyzed. *Significant (p < 0.003) differences in VI.  No differences in VI.
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Figure 5 Relation between MBF ratio (x axis) and VI ratio (y axis) between the hypoperfused and normal beds from all ultrasound and radiolabeled microsphere measurements. Open and closed squares represent data from coronary occlusion and a mean of 36 min after reperfusion obtained after the first injection of AIP 201, whereas open and closed circles represent data at a mean of 94 min and 100 min after reperfusion obtained from the first and second AIP 201 injections, respectively.
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Figure 6 Entrapment of single microbubbles in small arterioles (A) and microbubble aggregates in larger arterioles (B). See text for details.
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Figure 7 Lodging of microbubbles further downstream after dislodging from a more proximal site.
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Figure 8 Ultrasound images of the spinotrapezius muscle before (A) and after (B) microbubble injection. The central portion of the image represents the muscle. The spokelike structures are sutures used to spread out the muscle.
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Figure 9 In vitro aggregation of microbubbles suspended in saline after ultrasound exposure (A) and disaggregation after discontinuation of ultrasound (B).
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