Echocardiographic and biochemical evaluation of the development and progression of carcinoid heart disease
William D. Denney, MD*,
W. Evans Kemp, Jr., MD*,
Lowell B. Anthony, MD
,
John A. Oates, MD
and
Benjamin F. Byrd, III, MD, FACC*
* Division of Cardiology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
Department of Internal Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
Division of Medical Oncology, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
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Figure 1 Scoring system for carcinoid valvular heart disease (CVHD% score). TR = tricuspid regurgitation, RA = right atrium, PV = pulmonic valve, m/s = meters/second, and PI = pulmonic insufficiency.
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Figure 2 Time-integrated urinary 5-HIAA for one patient. Shaded area represents the integral value.
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Figure 3 Comparison of urinary 5-HIAA levels in patients with stable (group A) and progressive (group B) carcinoid heart disease. Bars represent median values with ranges noted by hash marks.
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Figure 4 Urinary 5-HIAA levels in patient without carcinoid heart disease at baseline who remained stable (group 1A) or developed carcinoid heart disease during follow-up (group 1B). Bars represent median values with ranges noted by hash marks.
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Copyright © 1998 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation.
