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J Am Coll Cardiol, 1998; 32:613-619
© 1998 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation
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Role of different determinants of psychological distress in acute coronary syndromes

Carlo Pignalberi, MDa, Giuseppe Patti, MDa, Cristina Chimenti, MDa, Vincenzo Pasceri, MDa and Attilio Maseri, MD, FACCa

a Institute of Cardiology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy



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Figure 1 Tertiles distribution of cardiac patients and controls in Modified Maastricht Questionnaire (A), self- (B) and relative-evaluation (C) tests. Pts = cardiac patients; Ctr = controls. The lower tertile comprises predominantly controls, while the higher tertile comprises predominantly cardiac patients.

 


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Figure 2 (A) Mean values of psychological distress (as assessed by the Modified Maastricht Questionnaire, self- and relative-evaluation tests) in the five subgroups identified by cluster analysis in the whole study population, including both cardiac patients and controls. In the graph values of self- and relative-evaluation have been multiplied by 10. MMQ = Modified Maastricht Questionnaire. (B) Percentage of cardiac patients in the five clusters. Under each cluster the determinants of psychological distress prevalent in that subgroup are reported. Avoid = avoidance, SB = self blame, LE = life events, SS = social support. The first cluster had lower values of psychological distress and lower values of all determinants of distress, and a lower prevalence of cardiac patients. The other four clusters had similar prevalence of cardiac patients, although higher values of psychological distress were observed in the cluster with a higher level of all determinants of distress (cluster 5).

 





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