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Peripheral blood levels of matrix metalloproteases-2 and -9 are elevated in patients with acute coronary syndromes

Hisashi Kai, MD, PhD^a, Hisao Ikeda, MD, PhD^a, Hideo Yasukawa, MD, PhD^a, Mamiko Kai, PhD^*, Yukihiko Seki, MD^a, Fumitaka Kuwahara, MD^a, Takafumi Ueno, MD, PhD^a, Kenzo Sugi, MD, PhD and Tsutomu Imaizumi, MD, PhD, FACC^a

^a Third Department of Internal Medicine and the Cardiovascular Research Institute, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
^* Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
Division of Cardiology, Sugi Hospital, Ohmuta, Japan

View larger version (17K): [in a new window]   Figure 1 Serum MMP-2 (A) and plasma MMP-9 (B) levels were measured in normal volunteers (Control) and patients with stable EA, UA or AMI. Peripheral blood was drawn from a peripheral vein of each patient on admission. Squares and bars = mean value ± SE. *p < 0.05 and ***p < 0.001 versus control group. p < 0.01 and p < 0.001 versus EA group. p < 0.01 versus AMI group.

View larger version (26K): [in a new window]   Figure 2 Serial changes in serum MMP-2 (A) and plasma MMP-9 (B) in patients with UA who underwent conventional medical treatment. Columns = mean values; bars = SE. ***p < 0.001 versus control group. p < 0.05, p < 0.01 and p < 0.001 versus EA group.

View larger version (24K): [in a new window]   Figure 3 Serial changes in serum MMP-2 (A) and plasma MMP-9 (B [top panel]) in patients with AMI who underwent conventional medical treatment (AMI-M). Symbols as in Figure 2. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 and ***p < 0.001 versus control group. B (bottom panel), Individual data for AMI-M group patients. Six AMI-M group patients (solid circles) showed a sustained elevation of MMP-9 levels from day 0 until day 3, whereas in the other seven patients (open circles) MMP-9 levels were equivocal to those in the control and EA groups on day 0 and were then transiently increased, with a peak on day 3.

View larger version (19K): [in a new window]   Figure 4 Serum MMP-2 (A) and plasma MMP-9 (B) were measured before, immediately after and 1 h after the treadmill exercise test in patients with stable EA. A symptom-limited exercise test was performed, and anginal pain accompanied with typical ischemic ECG changes occurred in all the patients. Dashed lines = average levels in normal volunteers (serum MMP-2: 443 ± 102 ng/ml; plasma MMP-9: 27 ± 8 ng/ml); other symbols as in Figure 2.