Echocardiographic hemodynamic and morphometric predictors of survival after two-ventricle repair in infants with critical aortic stenosis1
John P. Kovalchin, MDa,
Michael M. Brook, MD*,
Geoffrey L. Rosenthal, MD, PhDa,
Kenji Suda, MD*,
Julien I. E. Hoffman, MD, FACC* and
Norman H. Silverman, MD, FACC*
a Lillie Frank Abercrombie Section of Pediatric Cardiology, Texas Children’s Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
* Department of Pediatrics and Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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Figure 1 Suprasternal notch view of aortic arch. A, Doppler color flow demonstrates retrograde systolic flow in the transverse aortic arch. B, Pulsed Doppler demonstrates retrograde systolic flow in the transverse aortic arch. A = anterior; LCA = left carotid artery; LSA = left subclavian artery; S = superior.
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Figure 2 A, Schematic of parasternal long-axis view. Aortic annulus (1) and aortic root (2) diameters measured in systole. B, Schematic of suprasternal notch view. Ascending aorta (3), transverse aorta (4) and aortic isthmus (5) diameters measured in systole. C, Schematic of apical 4-chamber view. Tricuspid (6) and mitral (7) valves measured in diastole. Ao = aorta; LA = left atrium; LV = left ventricle; MV = mitral valve; RA = right atrium; RCA = right carotid artery; RSA = right subclavian artery; RV = right ventricle; TV = tricuspid valve; other abbreviations as in Figure 1.
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