Early endothelial dysfunction in adults at risk from atherosclerosis: different responses to L-arginine
Sara Thorne, MDa,
Michael J. Mullen, MBBSa,
Peter Clarkson, MBBSa,
Ann E. Donalda and
John E. Deanfield, FRCPa
a Vascular Physiology Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, England, United Kingdom
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Figure 1 FMD at baseline in the four subject groups. FMD (mean of presaline and pre–L-arginine levels) was significantly lower in the hypercholesterolemic, smoking and diabetic groups than in the control group. Bold lines represent mean values.
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Figure 2 FMD responses to L-arginine and saline. There were no significant changes in FMD after saline infusion in any subject group. After L-arginine infusion, FMD improved significantly in the hypercholesterolemic subjects (b) (p = 0.01) and smokers (c) (p = 0.02) but was unchanged in the control (a) and diabetic groups (d). In hypercholesterolemic subjects and smokers, the percent change in FMD was significantly greater after L-arginine than saline infusion (p = 0.03 and p = 0.02, respectively); there were no differences in percent change in FMD in either the control or diabetic groups. There were no significant differences between presaline and pre–L-arginine FMD values (p values not shown). Bold lines represent mean value ± SD.
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Figure 3 GTN-induced dilation in the four subject groups. In the hypercholesterolemic subjects and smokers, GTN-induced dilation was not significantly different than that in control subjects but was significantly reduced in diabetic subjects (p = 0.026). Bold lines represent mean values.
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