PRE-CLINICAL RESEARCH
Small Vessel Replacement by Human Umbilical Arteries With Polyelectrolyte Film-Treated ArteriesIn Vivo Behavior
Halima Kerdjoudj, PhD*,
Nicolas Berthelemy, PhD*,
Simon Rinckenbach, MD, PhD ,
Anna Kearney-Schwartz, MD, PhD ,
Karine Montagne, MD||,
Pierre Schaaf, PhD¶,
Patrick Lacolley, MD, PhD ,
Jean-François Stoltz, PhD*,
Jean-Claude Voegel, PhD# and
Patrick Menu, PhD*,*
* Group of Bioengineering (LEMTA-UMR CNRS 7563), School of Medicine, Nancy University, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
INSERM Unité 684, Centre d'Investigation Clinique de Nancy (CIC-P 9501), School of Medicine, Nancy University, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
INSERM Unité 684, School of Medicine, Nancy University, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
ERT 1061, ULP Strasbourg, France
|| Department of Pathology, Hôpital de Brabois Adultes, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
¶ Charles Sadron Institut (UPR 22, CNRS), Strasbourg Cedex, France
# INSERM Unité 595, Odontology Faculty, Louis Pasteur University, Strasbourg, France
Manuscript received April 18, 2008;
revised manuscript received July 30, 2008,
accepted August 4, 2008.
* Reprint requests and correspondence: Prof. Patrick Menu, Group of Bioengineering (LEMTA-UMR CNRS 7563), School of Medicine, Nancy University, 09, Avenue de la forêt de Haye, 54505 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France (Email: Patrick.Menu{at}medecine.uhp-nancy.fr).
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the patency of human umbilical arteries treated with polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) after rabbit implantation.
Background: The development of small-caliber vascular substitutes with high patency after implantation remains a real challenge for vascular tissue engineering.
Methods: Cryopreserved human umbilical arteries were enzymatically de-endothelialized and the luminal surfaces were coated with poly(styrene sulfonate)/poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PSS/PAH) multilayers. The PEM-untreated arteries and PEM-treated rabbit carotids were used as graft control. The native rabbit carotids were bypassed by grafts.
Results: The Doppler ultrasound evaluation, performed in vivo, showed that all PEM-treated grafts remained patent during the full experimental period, whereas after only 1 week, no blood circulation was detected in untreated arteries. Scanning electron microscopy and histological graft examination showed pervasive thrombus formation on the luminal surface of untreated arteries after 1 week and clean luminal surface for treated arteries for at least up to 12 weeks. The arterial wall cells were identified through alpha-smooth muscle actin    platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 expression. The smooth muscle cells positive to alpha-smooth muscle actin were identified in adventitia and media and the endothelial cells positive to platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule in intima. Von Kossa reaction didn't reveal any calcium salt deposits on the wall arteries, suggesting a good wall remodelling with no sign of graft rejection.
Conclusions: The in vivo evaluation of human umbilical arteries treated with PSS/PAH multilayers demonstrated a high graft patency after 3 months of implantation. Such modified arteries could constitute a useful option for small vascular replacement.
Key Words: vascular tissue engineering • polyelectrolyte multilayer film • human umbilical arteries
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Abbreviations and Acronyms
| | CLSM = confocal laser scanning microscopy | | H&S = hematoxylin and eosin/safran | | HUA = human umbilical artery | | PAH = poly(allylamine hydrochloride) | | PECAM = platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule | | PEM = polyelectrolyte multilayer film | | PSS = poly(styrene sulfonate) | | RPMI/BSA = RPMI1640 containing 0.5% bovine serum albumin | | SEM = scanning electron microscopy | | SMA = smooth muscle actin | | SMC = smooth muscle cell | | UC = umbilical cord | | UnA = untreated artery |
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J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 2008 52: A40.
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