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J Am Coll Cardiol, 2008; 51:256-260, doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2007.06.064
© 2008 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation
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CLINICAL RESEARCH: CLINICAL TRIAL

Influence of Omeprazole on the Antiplatelet Action of Clopidogrel Associated With Aspirin

The Randomized, Double-Blind OCLA (Omeprazole CLopidogrel Aspirin) Study

Martine Gilard, MD*,*, Bertrand Arnaud, PharmD{dagger}, Jean-Christophe Cornily, MD*, Grégoire Le Gal, MD§, Karine Lacut, MD{ddagger}, Geneviève Le Calvez, PharmD{dagger}, Jacques Mansourati, MD*, Dominique Mottier, MD§, Jean-François Abgrall, MD{dagger},1 and Jacques Boschat, MD*,1

* Department of Cardiology, Brest University Hospital, Brest, France
{dagger} Department of Hematology, INSERM 0502, Brest University Hospital, Brest, France
{ddagger} Center for Clinical Investigation, EA3878, Brest University Hospital, Brest, France
§ Department of Internal Medicine and Chest Diseases, Brest University Hospital, Brest, France.

Manuscript received March 19, 2007; revised manuscript received June 7, 2007, accepted June 12, 2007.

* Reprint requests and correspondence: Dr. Martine Gilard, Département de Cardiologie, CHU de la Cavale Blanche, Boulevard Tanguy Prigent, 29609 Brest Cédex, France. (Email: martine.gilard{at}chu-brest.fr).

Objectives: This trial sought to assess the influence of omeprazole on clopidogrel efficacy.

Background: Clopidogrel has proved its benefit in the treatment of atherothrombotic diseases. In a previous observational study, we found clopidogrel activity on platelets, tested by vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) phosphorylation, to be diminished in patients receiving proton pump inhibitor (PPI) treatment.

Methods: In this double-blind placebo-controlled trial, all consecutive patients undergoing coronary artery stent implantation received aspirin (75 mg/day) and clopidogrel (loading dose, followed by 75 mg/day) and were randomized to receive either associated omeprazole (20 mg/day) or placebo for 7 days. Clopidogrel effect was tested on days 1 and 7 in both groups by measuring platelet phosphorylated-VASP expressed as a platelet reactivity index (PRI). Our main end point compared PRI value at the 7-day treatment period in the 2 groups.

Results: Data for 124 patients were analyzed. On day 1, mean PRI was 83.2% (standard deviation [SD] 5.6) and 83.9% (SD 4.6), respectively, in the placebo and omeprazole groups (p = NS), and on day 7, 39.8% (SD 15.4) and 51.4% (SD 16.4), respectively (p < 0.0001).

Results: Omeprazole significantly decreased clopidogrel inhibitory effect on platelet P2Y12 as assessed by VASP phosphorylation test. Aspirin-clopidogrel antiplatelet dual therapy is widely prescribed worldwide, with PPIs frequently associated to prevent gastrointestinal bleeding. The clinical impact of these results remains uncertain but merits further investigation. (OCLA: Influence of Omeprazole on the Antiplatelet Action of Clopidogrel Associated to Aspirin; http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00349661; NCT00349661 [ClinicalTrials.gov] )

Abbreviations and Acronyms
  ADP = adenosine diphosphate
  MFI = mean fluorescence intensity
  PPI = proton pump inhibitor
  PRI = platelet reactivity index
  SD = standard deviation
  VASP = vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein


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Highlights of the Year in JACC 2009
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., January 26, 2010; 55(4): 380 - 407.
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 ANN INTERN MEDHome page
A. N. Barkun, M. Bardou, E. J. Kuipers, J. Sung, R. H. Hunt, M. Martel, P. Sinclair, and for the International Consensus Upper Gastrointest
International Consensus Recommendations on the Management of Patients With Nonvariceal Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Ann Intern Med, January 19, 2010; 152(2): 101 - 113.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J Am Coll CardiolHome page
R. C. Becker, J. Scheiman, H. L. Dauerman, F. Spencer, S. Rao, M. Sabatine, D. A. Johnson, F. Chan, N. S. Abraham, E. M.M. Quigley, et al.
Management of Platelet-Directed Pharmacotherapy in Patients With Atherosclerotic Coronary Artery Disease Undergoing Elective Endoscopic Gastrointestinal Procedures
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., December 8, 2009; 54(24): 2261 - 2276.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 CirculationHome page
J. A. Rassen, N. K. Choudhry, J. Avorn, and S. Schneeweiss
Cardiovascular Outcomes and Mortality in Patients Using Clopidogrel With Proton Pump Inhibitors After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention or Acute Coronary Syndrome
Circulation, December 8, 2009; 120(23): 2322 - 2329.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 CirculationHome page
D. N. Juurlink
Proton Pump Inhibitors and Clopidogrel: Putting the Interaction in Perspective
Circulation, December 8, 2009; 120(23): 2310 - 2312.
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 Am J Health Syst PharmHome page
E. J. Last and A. H. Sheehan
Review of recent evidence: Potential interaction between clopidogrel and proton pump inhibitors
Am. J. Health Syst. Pharm., December 1, 2009; 66(23): 2117 - 2122.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J Am Coll CardiolHome page
F. G. Kushner, M. Hand, S. C. Smith Jr, S. B. King III, J. L. Anderson, E. M. Antman, S. R. Bailey, E. R. Bates, J. C. Blankenship, D. E. Casey Jr, et al.
2009 Focused Updates: ACC/AHA Guidelines for the Management of Patients With ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (Updating the 2004 Guideline and 2007 Focused Update) and ACC/AHA/SCAI Guidelines on Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (Updating the 2005 Guideline and 2007 Focused Update): A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., December 1, 2009; 54(23): 2205 - 2241.
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 StrokeHome page
R. C.-S. Seet and C. P.L. Chen
Optimizing Antiplatelet Therapy in High-Risk Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: Insights From Atrial Fibrillation Clopidogrel Trial With Irbesartan for Prevention of Vascular Events (ACTIVE A)
Stroke, December 1, 2009; 40(12): 3883 - 3885.
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 CirculationHome page
F. G. Kushner, M. Hand, S. C. Smith Jr, S. B. King III, J. L. Anderson, E. M. Antman, S. R. Bailey, E. R. Bates, J. C. Blankenship, D. E. Casey Jr, et al.
2009 Focused Updates: ACC/AHA Guidelines for the Management of Patients With ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (Updating the 2004 Guideline and 2007 Focused Update) and ACC/AHA/SCAI Guidelines on Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (Updating the 2005 Guideline and 2007 Focused Update): A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines
Circulation, December 1, 2009; 120(22): 2271 - 2306.
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 J Am Coll Cardiol IntvHome page
P. Gladding, H. White, J. Voss, J. Ormiston, J. Stewart, P. Ruygrok, B. Bvaldivia, R. Baak, C. White, and M. Webster
Pharmacogenetic Testing for Clopidogrel Using the Rapid INFINITI Analyzer: A Dose-Escalation Study
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. Intv., November 1, 2009; 2(11): 1095 - 1101.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J Am Coll CardiolHome page
G. Dangas, R. Mehran, G. Guagliumi, A. Caixeta, B. Witzenbichler, J. Aoki, J. Z. Peruga, B. R. Brodie, D. Dudek, R. Kornowski, et al.
Role of Clopidogrel Loading Dose in Patients With ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Primary Angioplasty: Results From the HORIZONS-AMI (Harmonizing Outcomes With Revascularization and Stents in Acute Myocardial Infarction) Trial
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., October 6, 2009; 54(15): 1438 - 1446.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Circ Cardiovasc GenetHome page
G. Rudez, H. J. Bouman, J. W. van Werkum, F. W.G. Leebeek, A. Kruit, H. J.T. Ruven, J. M. ten Berg, M. P.M. de Maat, and C. M. Hackeng
Common Variation in the Platelet Receptor P2RY12 Gene Is Associated With Residual On-Clopidogrel Platelet Reactivity in Patients Undergoing Elective Percutaneous Coronary Interventions
Circ Cardiovasc Genet, October 1, 2009; 2(5): 515 - 521.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J Am Coll CardiolHome page
E. Nikolsky, G. W. Stone, A. J. Kirtane, G. D. Dangas, A. J. Lansky, B. McLaurin, A. M. Lincoff, F. Feit, J. W. Moses, M. Fahy, et al.
Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes: Incidence, Predictors, and Clinical Implications: Analysis From the ACUITY (Acute Catheterization and Urgent Intervention Triage Strategy) Trial
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., September 29, 2009; 54(14): 1293 - 1302.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J Am Coll CardiolHome page
T. Cuisset, C. Frere, J. Quilici, R. Poyet, B. Gaborit, L. Bali, O. Brissy, P.-E. Morange, M.-C. Alessi, and J.-L. Bonnet
Comparison of Omeprazole and Pantoprazole Influence on a High 150-mg Clopidogrel Maintenance Dose: The PACA (Proton Pump Inhibitors And Clopidogrel Association) Prospective Randomized Study
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., September 22, 2009; 54(13): 1149 - 1153.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Otolaryngol Head Neck SurgHome page
S. R. Schwartz, S. M. Cohen, S. H. Dailey, R. M. Rosenfeld, E. S. Deutsch, M. B. Gillespie, E. Granieri, E. R. Hapner, C. E. Kimball, H. J. Krouse, et al.
Clinical Practice Guideline: Hoarseness (Dysphonia)
Otolaryngology -- Head and Neck Surgery, September 1, 2009; 141(3_suppl): S1 - S31.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Eur Heart JHome page
L. Wallentin
P2Y12 inhibitors: differences in properties and mechanisms of action and potential consequences for clinical use
Eur. Heart J., August 2, 2009; 30(16): 1964 - 1977.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Eur Heart JHome page
C. Verstuyft, T. Simon, and R. B. Kim
Personalized medicine and antiplatelet therapy: ready for prime time?
Eur. Heart J., August 2, 2009; 30(16): 1943 - 1963.
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 HeartHome page
A. Schomig, N. Sarafoff, and M. Seyfarth
Triple antithrombotic management after stent implantation: when and how?
Heart, August 1, 2009; 95(15): 1280 - 1285.
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 J Am Coll CardiolHome page
D. R. Holmes Jr, D. J. Kereiakes, N. S. Kleiman, D. J. Moliterno, G. Patti, and C. L. Grines
Combining Antiplatelet and Anticoagulant Therapies
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., July 7, 2009; 54(2): 95 - 109.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 Eur Heart JHome page
C. Varenhorst, S. James, D. Erlinge, J. T. Brandt, O. O. Braun, M. Man, A. Siegbahn, J. Walker, L. Wallentin, K. J. Winters, et al.
Genetic variation of CYP2C19 affects both pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic responses to clopidogrel but not prasugrel in aspirin-treated patients with coronary artery disease
Eur. Heart J., July 2, 2009; 30(14): 1744 - 1752.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 JAMAHome page
H. A. Dakik and K. Barada
Adverse Outcomes Associated With Use of Proton Pump Inhibitors and Clopidogrel
JAMA, July 1, 2009; 302(1): 30 - 30.
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 The Annals of PharmacotherapyHome page
N. B Norgard, K. D Mathews, and G. C Wall
Drug-Drug Interaction Between Clopidogrel and the Proton Pump Inhibitors
Ann. Pharmacother., July 1, 2009; 43(7): 1266 - 1274.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 CMAJHome page
M. H. Friesen
Interaction between clopidogrel and proton pump inhibitors
Can. Med. Assoc. J., June 9, 2009; 180(12): 1228 - 1228.
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 J Am Coll CardiolHome page
S. R. Dixon, C. L. Grines, and W. W. O'Neill
The Year in Interventional Cardiology
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., June 2, 2009; 53(22): 2080 - 2097.
[Full Text] [PDF]

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 CirculationHome page
M. J. Price
Bedside Evaluation of Thienopyridine Antiplatelet Therapy
Circulation, May 19, 2009; 119(19): 2625 - 2632.
[Full Text] [PDF]

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 J Clin PharmacolHome page
N. F. Ford
Clopidogrel Resistance: Pharmacokinetic or Pharmacogenetic?
J. Clin. Pharmacol., May 1, 2009; 49(5): 506 - 512.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 CirculationHome page
D. M. Roden and C. M. Stein
Clopidogrel and the Concept of High-Risk Pharmacokinetics
Circulation, April 28, 2009; 119(16): 2127 - 2130.
[Full Text] [PDF]

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 J Am Coll CardiolHome page
N. R. Desai, J. L. Mega, S. Jiang, C. P. Cannon, and M. S. Sabatine
Interaction Between Cigarette Smoking and Clinical Benefit of Clopidogrel
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., April 14, 2009; 53(15): 1273 - 1278.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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 J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.Home page
Z. Desta, A. Modak, P. D. Nguyen, S. M. Lemler, Y. Kurogi, L. Li, and D. A. Flockhart
Rapid Identification of the Hepatic Cytochrome P450 2C19 Activity Using a Novel and Noninvasive [13C]Pantoprazole Breath Test
J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., April 1, 2009; 329(1): 297 - 305.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


 
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