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CLINICAL RESEARCH: TRANSIENT APICAL BALLOONING

Four-Year Recurrence Rate and Prognosis of the Apical Ballooning Syndrome

Ahmad A. Elesber, MD^_*, Abhiram Prasad, MD, FACC^_*, Ryan J. Lennon, MS, R. Scott Wright, MD, FACC, FESC^_*, Amir Lerman, MD, FACC^_* and Charanjit S. Rihal, MD, FACC^_*,_*

^_* Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
Division of Biostatistics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.

Manuscript received January 8, 2007; revised manuscript received March 12, 2007, accepted March 19, 2007.

^_* Reprint requests and correspondence: Dr. Charanjit S. Rihal, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, Minnesota 55905. (Email: rihal{at}mayo.edu).

Objectives: This study sought to assess the long-term prognosis of patients with apical ballooning syndrome (ABS).

Background: Apical ballooning syndrome is a recently described acute cardiac syndrome of uncertain etiology and prognosis.

Methods: We retrospectively identified 100 unselected patients with a confirmed diagnosis of ABS by angiography. Recurrences of ABS and mortality were recorded.

Results: Over a mean follow-up of 4.4 ± 4.6 years, 31 patients continued to have episodes of chest pain and 10 patients had recurrence of ABS, for a recurrence rate of 11.4% over the first 4 years. Seventeen patients died in 4.7 ± 4.8 years of follow-up. There was no difference in survival or in cardiovascular survival to an age- and gender-matched population.

Conclusions: The recurrence rate for ABS was 11.4% over 4 years after initial presentation. Recurrence of chest pain is common. Four-year survival was not different from that in an age-matched and gender-matched population.

Abbreviations and Acronyms   ABS = apical ballooning syndrome   ECG = electrocardiographic/electrocardiography

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