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STATE-OF-THE-ART PAPER

Biomaterials for the Treatment of Myocardial Infarction

Karen L. Christman, PhD^_* and Randall J. Lee, MD, PhD^_*,,,_*

^_* University of California-Berkeley and San Francisco Joint Bioengineering Graduate Group, Berkeley and San Francisco, California
Department of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California.

Manuscript received December 19, 2005; revised manuscript received April 24, 2006, accepted May 2, 2006.

^_* Reprint requests and correspondence: Dr. Randall J. Lee, Cardiac Electrophysiology, MU East Tower, Box 1354, 500 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, California 94143-1354. (Email: lee{at}medicine.ucsf.edu).

For nearly a decade, researchers have investigated the possibility of cell transplantation for cardiac repair. More recently, the emerging fields of tissue engineering and biomaterials have begun to provide potential treatments. Tissue engineering approaches are designed to repair lost or damaged tissue through the use of growth factors, cellular transplantation, and biomaterial scaffolds. There are currently 3 biomaterial approaches for the treatment of myocardial infarction (MI). The first involves polymeric left ventricular restraints in the prevention of heart failure. The second utilizes in vitro engineered cardiac tissue, which is subsequently implanted in vivo. The final approach entails injecting cells and/or a scaffold into the myocardium to create in situ engineered cardiac tissue. This review gives an overview of the current progress in the growing field of biomaterials for the treatment of MI.

Abbreviations and Acronyms   CSD = cardiac support device   LV = left ventricle   MI = myocardial infarction   MMP = matrix metalloprotease   PNIPAAM = poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)

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